The first modern example is widely suggested to have been introduced by Johann Nepomuk Hofzinser sometime between 18, generally known simply as "The Word".
Modern variations of the original "labyrinth" concept using gimmicked books are widespread, although they vary greatly in nature. It is believed Wits laberynth was the inspiration for the same trick in Nicholas Hunt's Newe Recreations, published in London in 1631. An English translation was published in 1610 under the title Wits laberynth, or, the exercise of idlenesse.
The earliest surviving example was found by Italian magician Vanni Bossi in the book Il Laberinto, originally published in 1607 by Andrea Ghisi. However, printed versions from this time are not extant. It is known that a version of this sort of book test was created by well-known publisher Girolamo Scotto and demonstrated for the Emperor of Austria in 1572. After three flips the magician stops them and reveals the figure.
Here the spectator sees the same figure somewhere else on the page, and repeats the process. For instance, if the spectator picks a figure in column two, they might flip forward two pages. An associated number, say the column or group that the figure appears in, is used to select another page. The magician first asks a spectator to choose a word or figure on a starting page. The earliest known example is a variation on the modern Twenty One Card Trick, in which a series of operations reveals the chosen item through basic mathematics. The modern concept of the book test involves the magician revealing a word, phrase, or image that the spectator has selected at random. However, these were not similar to modern book tests, as the "magic" was simply the change in appearance. In one particularly common trick, the " blow book", spectators would blow on the pages of a book which would then reveal images, colors, or text. Books have been used as props as long ago as the 1450s.
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